In vivoandin vitrotoxicological evaluations of aqueous extract fromCecropia pachystachyaleaves

Authors Pereira, Erminiana Damiani de Mendonca; da Silva, Juliana; Carvalho, Patricia da Silva; Grivicich, Ivana; Picada, Jaqueline Nascimento; Salgado Junior, Ilton Batista; Vasques, Gabriela Jouglard; Pereira, Mario Augusto da Silva; Reginatto, Flavio Henrique; Ferraz, Alexandre de Barros Falcao

Journal JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES , OCT 17 2020,19-20:83

DOI 10.1080/15287394.2020.1811817 PubMed 32865139

Abstract Cecropia pachystachya leaves are popularly used to treat asthma and diabetes. Despite the widespread consumption of this plant, there are few scientific studies regarding its toxicological potential. In order to conduct a thorough study concerning the potential adverse effects, the aim of this study was to assess acute and subacute toxicity tests of crude aqueous extract fromC. pachystachyaleaves (CAE-Cp) usingin vivomodel, as well asin vitrocytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant activity. In addition, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and cytotoxicity of isoorientin (ISOO) were also evaluated. The antioxidant activity was verified by DPPH, cytotoxicity using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and genotoxicity by comet assay on V79 cells. The phytochemical analysis of CAE-Cp detected flavonoids and tannins, CGA and ISOO as the major compounds utilizing HPLC. The total flavonoid content (6.52 mg/g EQ) and antioxidant activity (EC50 = 62.15 mu g/ml) of CAE-Cp were determined.In vitroevaluations with CAE-Cp showed genotoxic effects at 0.31 to 2.5 mg/ml and an expressive cytotoxicity on HT-29 (IC50 = 4.43 mu g/ml) cells. CGA was genotoxic against V79 cells at 0.07 mg/ml and cytotoxic against to HT-29 (IC50 = 71.70 mu g/ml), OVCAR-3 (IC50 = 80.07 mu g/ml), MCF-7 (IC50 = 45.58 mu g/ml) and, NCI-H460 (IC50 = 71.89 mu g/ml) cancer cell lines. Wistar rats treated with a single dose (2,000 mg/kg) CAE-Cp decreased hemoglobin levels after 14 days, although no significant toxicity was observed in animals after 28 days. In view ofthe in vitrocytotoxicity and genotoxicity detected, further studies are necessary to establish the safe use of CAE-Cp.