《云南植物志》|| 菊科 Compositae ||菜蓟族 Trib. Cynareae Less. ||云木香属 Aucklandia Falc.

98. 云木香属 Aucklandia Falc.
多年生草本，高 (40-) 100-150 (-200) 厘米。主根粗壮，圆柱形，上部粗1-3 (-5) 厘米，延长，向下渐狭，外皮褐色，有浓郁的芳香味，具线形的侧根和纤维状细根。茎直立，基部粗达1.5厘米，不分枝，具多数纵棱，被短柔毛或近无毛。基生叶大，叶片三角形或三角状卵形，长30-50厘米，宽10-30厘米，先端钝，基部渐狭并沿柄下延至叶柄基，边缘有不规则的浅齿或粗齿，齿端和齿缘有小尖头状齿，表面深绿色，被短糙毛，背面淡绿色，无毛或沿脉疏被短糙毛，叶柄长10-40厘米，具翅，翅不规则的羽状分裂；茎生叶互生，下部叶同基生叶，中部叶卵形或三角状卵形，长25-45厘米，宽8-25厘米，上部叶渐小和叶柄渐短至无柄。头状花序有多数同型的小花，单生于茎、枝先端和上部叶腋，或2-5个簇生；花序梗短或无；总苞半球形，径3-4厘米；总苞片7-10层，覆瓦状排列，近革质，干后变黑色，无毛或疏被灰白色蛛丝状毛，外层卵状披针形，长1.5-2厘米，先端渐尖成褐色、反折的刺尖头，中层同外层，较长，内层线状披针形，长2-2.5厘米，尖头不反折；花序托具刚毛状托片。小花全部两性，结实，花冠暗紫色或紫色，管状，长1.5-2厘米，冠檐5深裂，裂片线形，冠管长1-1.4厘米；花药连合，远伸出花冠外，基部具流苏状的尾，花丝分离，无毛；花柱2分枝，分枝短，稍伸出花冠外。瘦果长圆形，长约6毫米，先端较狭，稍压扁，具4条纵棱，有果缘，基底着生面平，无毛；冠毛2层，淡褐色，近等长，长羽毛状，长1.3-1.7厘米，基部连合成环。
1种，原产克什米尔。我国有栽培。云南也栽培，有些地区已逸为野生。
Lipschitz在1979年的Saussurea专著中，把本种置于Subgenus Frolovia (DC.) Lipsch. 中，该亚属包括6个种。

《Flora of China》|| Asteraceae || ||云木香属 Aucklandia

20. Aucklandia Falconer, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 6: 475. 1841.

云木香属 yun mu xiang shu

Authors: Zhu Shi & Eckhard von Raab-Straube

Herbs 0.3-2 m tall, perennial. Stem stout, erect, hollow. Basal leaves very large, lyrate with winged petiole shallowly pinnately lobed or undivided; leaf blade cordate, triangular-ovate, or ovate. Capitula usually clustered at stem apex, large. Involucre hemispheric. Phyllaries blackish, imbricate, narrowly ovate-elliptic to linear, apex long acuminate and often reflexed. Receptacle with many long subulate bristles. Corolla glabrous, tube as long as limb. Anther tails lacerate, lanate. Achene glabrous, wrinkled, apically crowned. Pappus homomorphic, in 1 row; bristles numerous, straw-colored to brownish, plumose, flattened, basally connate into a ring, caducous as a whole.

One species: N India, Kashmir, N Pakistan; introduced to China.

Aucklandia and Frolovia are very closely related. In a molecular study by Y. J. Wang et al. (Ann. Bot. 99: 311-322. 2007), the two genera form together a small clade, which is nested within the morphologically much different genus Dolomiaea. However, as sampling and analysis of this group is not yet complete, we prefer not to make generic rearrangements of these species here. In C. Shih and S. Y. Jin (FRPS 78(2): 58. 1999), the species of this genus is included in Saussurea subg. Frolovia.