《中国植物志》|| 爵床科 ACANTHACEAE ||老鼠簕属 Acanthus L. ||老鼠簕 Acanthus ilicifolius L.

1．老鼠簕（广州）图版4：1-7
Acanthus ilicifolius L. Sp. Pl. 639. 1753; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 242. 1890; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 481. 1884; R. Ben. in Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 697. 1935; 海南植物志3: 553. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 166.图5745. 1975——Dilivaria ilicifolia(L. )Nees in Wall, Pl. As. Rar. 3: 98. 1832 et in DC. Prodr. 11: 268. 1847.
直立灌木，高达2米。茎粗壮，径达9毫米，圆柱状，上部有分枝，无毛。托叶成刺状，叶柄长3-6毫米；叶片长圆形至长圆状披针形，长6-14厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端急尖，基部楔形，边缘4-5羽状浅裂，近革质，两面无毛，主脉在上面凹下，主侧脉在背面明显凸起，侧脉每侧4-5，自裂片顶端突出为尖锐硬刺。穗状花序顶生；苞片对生，宽卵形，长7-8毫米，无刺，早落；小苞片卵形，长约5毫米，革质；花萼裂片4，外方的1对宽卵形，长10-13毫米，顶端微缺，边缘质薄，有时成皱波状，具缘毛，内方的1对卵形，长约10毫米，全缘。花冠白色，长3-4厘米，花冠管长约6毫米，上唇退化，下唇倒卵形，长约3厘米，薄革质，顶端3裂，外面被柔毛，内面上部两侧各有1条3-4毫米宽的被毛带；雄蕊4，近等长，花药1室，纵裂，裂缝两侧各有1列髯毛，花丝粗厚，长1.5厘米，最宽处约2毫米，近软骨质；子房顶部软骨质，花柱有纵纹，长2.2厘米；柱头2裂。蒴果椭圆形，长2.5-3厘米，有种子4颗。种子扁平，圆肾形，淡黄色。
产海南、广东、福建。生于我国南部海岸及潮汐能至的滨海地带，为红树林重要组成之一。据标本记录，根可入药，有凉血清热、散痰积、解毒止痛功能。

《Flora of China》|| Acanthaceae || Acanthus ||老鼠簕 Acanthus ilicifolius

2. Acanthus ilicifolius Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 639. 1753.

老鼠簕 lao shu le

Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl var. xiamenensis (R. T. Zhang) C. Y. Wu & C. C. Hu; A. ilicifolius var. xiamenensis (R. T. Zhang) Y. F. Deng, N. H. Xia & Heng B. Chen; A. xiamenensis R. T. Zhang; Dilivaria ilicifolia (Linnaeus) Jussieu.

Shrubs to 2 m tall, erect. Stems stout, scarcely branched, glabrous, often with stipulelike spines at nodes. Petiole 3-6 mm, thick, glabrous; leaf blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 6-14 × 2-5 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 5-7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate, margin pinnatifid and with few large spines, serrate, or subentire, apex truncate. Spikes terminal, to 16.5 cm; bracts broadly ovate, 7-8 mm, caducous; bracteoles ovate, ca. 5 mm, leathery. Calyx posterior and anterior lobes 1-1.3 cm, margin scarious and sometimes crispate, apex emarginate; lateral lobes ovate, ca. 1 cm, margin entire. Corolla white [bluish to pinkish], 3-4 cm; tube ca. 6 mm; lip obovate, 2.2-3 cm, thinly leathery, outside with soft trichomes, apex 3-cleft. Stamens equal; filaments ca. 1.5 cm; anther theca with a line of trichomes on both sides of suture. Style ca. 2.2 cm. Capsule 2.5-3 cm. Seeds light yellow, reniform. Fl. Feb-Mar, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 44, 48.

Mangrove swamps, marshes; near sea level. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Pacific islands].

This species is used medicinally.