《中国植物志》|| 仙人掌科 CACTACEAE ||量天尺属 Hylocereus (Berg.) Britt. et Rose ||量天尺 Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose

1.量天尺（岭南采药录）龙骨花（海南保亭），霸王鞭（海南三亚，广东肇庆），三角柱、三棱箭（北京俗称）
Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britt. et Rose in Britt. Fl. Bermuda, 256. 1918, et Cactaceae 2: 187, pl. 30. 1920;广州植物志193. 1956; Telford in A. S. George et al., Fl. Austr. 4: 76. 1984. ——Cereus undatus Haw., Syn. Pl. Succ. Phil. Mag. 7: 110. 1830.
攀援肉质灌木，长3-15米，具气根。分枝多数，延伸，具3角或棱，长0.2-0.5米，宽3-8（-12)厘米，棱常翅状，边缘波状或圆齿状，深绿色至淡蓝绿色，无毛，老枝边缘常胼胀状，淡褐色，骨质；小窠沿棱排列，相距3-5厘米，直径约2毫米；每小窠具1-3根开展的硬刺；刺锥形，长2-5 (-10)毫米，灰褐色至黑色。花漏斗状，长25-30厘米，直径15-25厘米，于夜间开放；花托及花托筒密被淡绿色或黄绿色鳞片，鳞片卵状披针形至披针形，长2-5厘米，宽0.7-1厘米；萼状花被片黄绿色，线形至线状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽0.3-0.7厘米，先端渐尖，有短尖头，边缘全缘，通常反曲；瓣状花被片白色，长圆状倒披针形，长12-15厘米，宽4-5.5厘米，先端急尖，具1芒尖，边缘全缘或啮蚀状，开展；花丝黄白色，长5-7.5厘米；花药长4.5-5毫米，淡黄色；花柱黄白色，长17.5-20厘米，直径6-7.5毫米；柱头20-24，线形，长3-3.3毫米，先端长渐尖，开展，黄白色。浆果红色，长球形，长7-12厘米，直径5-10厘米，果脐小，果肉白色。种子倒卵形，长2毫米，宽1毫米，厚0.8毫米，黑色，种脐小。花期7-12月。
分布中美洲至南美洲北部，世界各地广泛栽培，在夏威夷、澳大利亚东部逸为野生；我国于 1645年引种，各地常见栽培，在福建（南部）、广东（南部）、海南、台湾以及广西（西南部）逸为野生，藉气根攀援于树干、岩石或墙上，海拔3-300米。选A. H. Haworth (1830)根据引自中国的欧洲栽培植物描述 (N. L. Britton et J. N. Rose, 1920, 选模式未定 (Telford, 1984) 。
本种分枝扦插容易成活，常作嫁接蟹爪属Schlumbergera,仙人棒属Rhipsalis和多种仙人球的砧木，花可作蔬菜，浆果可食，商品名“火龙果”。

《Flora of China》|| Cactaceae || Hylocereus ||量天尺 Hylocereus undatus

1. Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) Britton & Rose, Fl. Bermuda. 256. 1918.

量天尺 liang tian chi

Cereus undatus Haworth, Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 7: 110. 1830.

Plants clambering or sprawling. Stems deep green, 3-15 m. Joints 20-50 × 3-8(-12) cm, winged or angled, margins of wings or angles coarsely crenate, horny. Areoles 3-6 cm apart, 2-5 mm in diam. Spines 1-3(-6) per areole, spreading in various directions, gray-brown, conic to subulate, 2-5(-10) mm. Flowers 25-30 × 15-34 cm. Receptacle tube funnelform. Sepaloids with greenish midrib and mostly white margin, lanceolate-linear to linear, 10-15 × 1-1.5 cm, margin entire, apex acuminate, reflexed. Petaloids erect to spreading, white, narrowly oblanceolate, margin entire or erose. Filaments cream, 5-7.5 cm; anthers linear, ca. 4.5 mm. Style cream, 14-20 cm, stout; stigmas 20-24, exserted, 2-2.3 mm, slender. Fruit red, globose to ellipsoid, 7-12.5 × 6-12 cm, with numerous triangular scales, umbilicus small; pulp white. Seeds obovate, ca. 2 × 1 mm. Fl. July-Dec.

Trees, rocks, maritime scrub; sea level to 300 m. S Fujian, S Guangdong, SW Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan [perhaps native to Mexico and Central America; widely introduced and escaped in tropical Asia, E Australia, and South America].

This species was first introduced to China in 1645. It is usually cultivated as a hedge, or for its edible fruit. The flower is often eaten in a vegetable soup in S Guangdong.

《Flora of North America》|| Cactaceae || Hylocereus || Hylocereus undatus

1. Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) Britton & Rose in N. L. Britton, Fl. Bermuda. 256. 1918.

Night-blooming cereus

Cereus undatus Haworth, Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 7: 110. 1830

Plants sprawling or clambering over rocks, shrubs, and trees. Stems usually sharply 3-angled, to 500+ × 4-7.5 cm; ribs with undulate margins and gray, hornlike bark; areoles 2 mm diam. Spines 1-4 per areole, brownish gray, inconspicuous. Flowers fragrant; outer tepals white, outermost strongly reflexed, midstripes yellowish green; inner tepals white, broad, oblanceolate; filaments 50-75 mm; style cream, 175-200 mm. Fruits spheric to oblong. Seeds 2 × 1 mm. 2n = 22.

Flowering year-round. Disturbed sites in sandy soils [tropical deciduous and semideciduous forests]; 0-50 m; introduced; Fla.; Mexico; West Indies; Central America; n South America.

Hylocereus undatus is sporadically naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide where it is cultivated for its large, edible fruits and beautiful flowers, which are among the largest in the cactus family. In Florida, H. undatus has escaped from cultivation in nine counties, forming large colonies in some areas. Individuals of this species grow prolifically and may soon overrun their substrate. Whether populations of H. undatus in the United States are merely persisting or are also reproducing sexually remains unclear.

The vernacular name night-blooming cereus has been applied to several genera of cacti with large, nocturnal flowers.