《中国植物志》|| 大戟科 EUPHORBIACEAE ||黄蓉花族 Trib. dalechampieae ||黄蓉花属 Dalechampia L.

42.黄蓉花属Dalechampia L.
L. Sp. Pl. 1054. 1753; A. Juss. Euphorb. Gen. Tent. 55. 1824; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod, 15 (2): 1232. 1866; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 3: 330. 1880; Pax et Hoffm. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 68 (IV. 147. XII): 3. 1919.
灌木或亚灌木，缠绕或攀缘，被毛，有时具螫毛。叶互生，全缘或3-5裂至指状3-5小叶；基出脉或掌状脉3-7条；具叶柄；托叶2，小托叶2枚，生于叶柄顶端。花雌雄同株，无花瓣，排成顶生或腋生总状花序或头状花序；具长的花序梗；总苞片2枚，通常大和有颜色，包围花序，全缘或3裂；花序下部的苞腋各具二歧聚伞花序的3朵雌花，具3枚苞片，花序上部的为具有雄花的苞片，雄花3或2朵排成聚伞花序，或多个的聚伞花序簇生，具4枚苞片，常合生并包围雄花；花具短花梗，雄花的花梗具关节；雄花：花萼裂片4-6枚，镊合状排列；无花盘；雄蕊通常15-30枚，稀达90枚或少至10枚，着生于柱状花托上，花丝短，花药2室，纵裂；无不育雌蕊。雌花：萼片5-12枚，覆瓦状排列，通常羽状分裂，稀全缘，花后增大和变硬，并包围果；花盘缺，稀环状；子房3 (-4)室，每室有胚珠1颗，花柱合生成柱状，顶部钝或膨大的。蒴果通常由3个分果爿组成；种子球形，无种阜，胚乳肉质，子叶阔、扁平。
模式种：藤状黄蓉花Dalechampia scandens L.
约100种，主产南美洲的巴西南部，少数种类产于非洲和亚洲南部和东南部热带地区。我国云南有1变种。

《云南植物志》|| 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae ||黄蓉花族 Trib. Dalechampieae ||黄蓉花属 Dalechampia L.

33. 黄蓉花属 Dalechampia L.
灌木或亚灌木，缠绕或攀援，被毛，有时具螫毛。叶互生，全缘或3-5裂至指状3-5小叶；基出脉或掌状脉3-7条；具叶柄；托叶2，小托叶2枚，生于叶柄顶端。花雌雄同株，无花瓣，排成顶生或腋生总状花序或头状花序；具长的花序梗；总苞片2枚，通常大，有颜色，包围花序，全缘或3裂；花序下部的苞腋各具二歧聚伞花序的3朵雄花，具3枚苞片，花序上部的为具有雄花的苞片，雄花3或2朵排成聚伞花序，或多个的聚伞花序簇生，具4枚苞片，常合生并包围着雄花；花具短花梗，雄花的花梗具关节；雄花：花萼裂片4-6枚，镊合状排列；无花盘；雄蕊通常15-30枚，稀达90枚或少至10枚，着生于柱状花托上，花丝短，花药2室，纵裂；无不育雌蕊。雌花：萼片5-12枚，覆瓦状排列，通常羽状分裂，稀全缘，花后增大和变硬，并包围着果；花盘缺，稀环状；子房3（-4）室，每室有胚珠1颗，花柱合生成柱状，顶部钝或膨大。蒴果通常由3个分果爿组成；种子球形，无种阜，胚乳肉质，子叶阔、扁平。
约100种，主产巴西南部，少数种类产于非洲和亚洲南部和东南部热带地区。我国有1变种，仅产于云南。

《Flora of North America》|| Euphorbiaceae || || Dalechampia

9. Dalechampia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 473. 1754.
[I]

[For Jacques Daléchamps (or D’Aléchamps), 1513–1588, French surgeon and botanist] [For Jacques Daléchamps (or D’Aléchamps), 1513–1588, French surgeon and botanist]

W. Scott Armbruster

Vines [lianas or shrubs], twining [trailing], monoecious [gynodioecious]; hairs unbranched, always some stinging [none stinging, sometimes glandular]; latex absent. Leaves deciduous [persistent], alternate, simple [palmately compound]; stipules present, persistent; petiole present, glands absent; stipels present, often with basal glands; blade palmately lobed [unlobed], margins serrulate-crenulate [subentire], laminar glands absent; venation palmate [pinnate]. Inflorescences bisexual, apparently axillary (technically terminal on axillary short shoots), pseudanthia (consisting of 2, often showy, involucral bracts subtending 2 cymules, one with [1–]3 pistillate flowers and 1–3 involucellar bractlets, and one with [4–]10[–40] staminate flowers, 1–5 involucellar bractlets, and a series of resiniferous [non-resiniferous] bractlets forming condensed gland; involucral bracts open when flowers receptive, enveloping fruits [deciduous] as seeds develop); glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 3–6, valvate, distinct; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens [5–]25–35[–90], distinct, borne on elongated [flat, dome-shaped] receptacle, thus appearing connate proximally; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals [5–]8–12, distinct; petals 0; nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; style 1, unbranched. Fruits capsules. Seeds globose to subglobose; caruncle absent. x = 11, 13.

Species ca. 130 (1 in the flora): introduced, Florida; Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, s, se Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar), Pacific Islands (Java, Sumatra).

Some species of Dalechampia are cultivated as ornamentals in North America, notably D. aristolochiifolia Kunth and D. spathulata (Scheidweiler) Baillon. The former is grown outdoors in the southern United States and may naturalize in the future, especially in peninsular Florida, where its specialized pollinator Euglossa viridissima Friese has become naturalized (R. W. Pemberton and H. Liu 2008). Dalechampia scandens can be distinguished from D. aristolochiifolia by the latter’s pink bracts and from D. spathulata by the latter’s monopodial-shrubby habit.

SELECTED REFERENCES Armbruster, W. S. 1985. Patterns of character divergence and the evolution of reproductive ecotypes of Dalechampia scandens (Euphorbiaceae). Evolution 39: 733–752. Pemberton, R. W. and H. Liu. 2008b. Naturalization of Dalechampia scandens in southern Florida. Caribbean J. Sci. 44: 417–419. Webster, G. L. and W. S. Armbruster. 1991. A synopsis of the neotropical species of Dalechampia. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105: 137–177.

《Flora of China》|| Euphorbiaceae || ||黄蓉花属 Dalechampia

44. Dalechampia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753.

黄蓉花属 huang rong hua shu

Authors: Huaxing Qiu & Michael G. Gilbert

Subshrubs, often twining or climbing, monoecious; indumentum usually with simple and stinging hairs. Leaves alternate; stipules conspicuous, persistent; leaf blade entire or 3-5-lobed or 3-5-partite, base usually stipellate; basal veins 3-7. Inflorescence axillary, long peduncled, capitate, bisexual, enclosed between 2 subopposite, often showy, involucral bracts; lower bract subtending a cyme of female flowers in a contracted cyme subtended by a lower bract and 1 or 2 fused upper bractlets, male inflorescence terminal but apparently inserted between female cymule and upper involucral bract, 3- or 8-12-flowered, surrounded by involucel of bracts; bracteoles of male flowers all or partly producing resin. Male flowers pedicellate; sepals 4 or 5(or 6), valvate, recurved at anthesis; petals absent; disk absent; stamens (8-)10-30(-100); filaments connate; anthers 2-locular, parallel; pistillode absent. Female flowers subsessile; sepals 5-12, imbricate, usually pinnatifid, accrescent; ovary 3-locular; styles connate in a column; stigma often lobed or discoid. Fruit a capsule, 3-locular, enclosed by accrescent calyx, often setose. Seeds globose, with or without caruncle.

About 120 species: chiefly in tropical regions of the Americas, also in tropical Africa and S and SE Asia; one species in China.