《中国植物志》|| 樟科 LAURACEAE ||山胡椒组 Sect. Lindera ||红果山胡椒 Lindera erythrocarpa Makino

4.红果山胡椒（新拟）红果钓樟（中国高等植物图鉴），詹糖香（本草纲目、植物名实图考、浙江）图版99：1-6
Lindera erythrocarpa Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 219. 1897; 13: 138. 1899; Cheng in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9: 299. 1934; Allen in Journ. Arn. Arb. 22: 15. 1941; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 855.图1709. 1972.——Lindera umbellata Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: .324. 1851. non Thunb.——Lindera thunbergii Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 14: 184. 1900; Ill. Fl. Japan 1095. 1930; C. E. Chang, Fl. Taiwan 2: 432. 1976. non Benzoin thunbergii (Sieb.) Sieb.et Zucc. ——Benzoin erythocarpum (Makino) Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 1: 144. 1919; Makino in Ill. Fl. Japan 553. f. 1598. 1953; New Ill. Fl. Japan 195. f. 780. 1974.
落叶灌木或小乔木，高可达5米；树皮灰褐色，幼枝条通常灰白或灰黄色，多皮孔，其 木栓质突起致皮甚粗糙。冬芽角锥形，长约1厘米。叶互生，通常为倒披针形，偶有倒卵形，先端渐尖，基部狭楔形，常下延，长（5)9-12（15)厘米，宽（1.5)4-5(6）厘米，纸质，上面绿色，有稀疏贴服柔毛或无毛，下面带绿苍白色，被贴服柔毛，在脉上较密，羽状脉，侧脉每边4-5条；叶柄长0.5-1厘米。伞形花序着生于腋芽两侧各一，总梗长约0.5厘米；总苞片4，具缘毛，内有花15-17朵。雄花花被片6，黄绿色，近相等，椭圆形，先端圆，长约2毫米，宽约1.5毫米，外面被疏柔毛，内面无毛；雄蕊9，各轮近等长，长约1.8毫米，花丝无毛，第三轮的近基部着生2个具短柄宽肾形腺体，退化雄蕊成“凸”字形；花梗被疏柔毛，长约3.5毫米。雌花较小，花被片6，内、外轮近相等，椭圆形，先端圆，长1.2毫米，宽0.6毫米，内、外轮外面被较密柔毛，内面被贴伏疏柔毛；退化雄蕊9，条形，近等长，长约0.8毫米，第三轮的中下部外侧着生2个椭圆形无柄腺体；雌蕊长约1毫米，子房狭椭圆形，花柱粗，与子房近等长，柱头盘状；花梗约1毫米。果球形，直径7-8毫米，熟时红色；果梗长1.5-1.8厘米，向先端渐增粗至果托，但果托并不明显扩大，直径3-4毫米。花期4月，果期9-10月。
产陕西、河南、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、福建、台湾、广东、广西、四川等省区。生于海拔1000米以下山坡、山谷、溪边、林下等处。朝鲜、日本也有分布。
“erythrocarpa”是Makino于1899年认为Siebold和Zuccarini错把“Thun-bergii”用在这一群植物上而采用的加词。“Thunbergii”来自Sassafras Thunbergii Sieb.（1830），而此名应是Lindera umbellata Thunb. (1784)的异名, 因其模式为后者 (据Rehder 1919)。Makino在采用“erythrocapa”加词时, 明确指出了这群植物和Lindera umbellata Thunb.的区别, Lindera erythrocarpa Makino在命名上是合法的。Makino 于1900年及1930年前的《日本植物图鉴》又使用了Lindera thunbergii (Sieb. et Zucc.) Makino这一名称, 把Lindera erythrocarpa Makino作为异名, 但不久他又在Benzoin属名下恢复了“erythrocarpum”加词，而将前者作为异名。

《Flora of China》|| Lauraceae || Lindera ||红果山胡椒 Lindera erythrocarpa

4. Lindera erythrocarpa Makino, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 11: 219. 1897.

红果山胡椒 hong guo shan hu jiao

Benzoin erythrocarpum (Makino) Rehder; Lindera erythrocarpa var. longipes S. B. Liang; L. funiushanensis C. S. Zhu; L. henanensis H. P. Tsui.

Shrubs or trees, deciduous, up to 5 m tall. Bark gray-brown. Young branchlets usually gray-white or gray-yellow, many lenticellate, scabrous from corky protuberances. Winter buds long conical, ca. 1 cm. Leaves alternate; petiole 0.5-1 cm; leaf blade usually oblanceolate, occasionally obovate, (5-)9-12(-15) × (1.5-)4-5(-6) cm, papery, greenish white and appressed pubescent abaxially and densely on veins, green and laxly appressed pubescent adaxially, pinninerved, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, base narrowly cuneate, usually decurrent, apex acuminate. Umbels each inserted at both sides of axillary bud; peduncles ca. 5 mm; involucral bracts 4, ciliate, 15-17-flowered inside. Male flowers: pedicels laxly pubescent, ca. 3.5 mm; tepals 6, yellow-green, nearly equal, elliptic, apex rounded, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, laxly pubescent outside, glabrous inside; stamens 9, equal in length, ca. 1.8 mm; filaments glabrous, 2-glandular at base in 3rd whorl; glands broadly reniform, shortly stipitate; reduced pistil exserted at center. Female flowers rather small; pedicels ca. 1 mm; tepals 6, nearly equal in inside and outside whorls, elliptic, apex rounded, ca. 1.2 × 0.6 mm, densely pubescent outside and laxly appressed pubescent inside; reduced stamens 9, ca. 0.8 mm, 2-glandular at base of filaments in 3rd whorl; glands elliptic, sessile; anthers fasciated; pistils ca. 1 mm; ovary narrowly ellipsoid; style rather thick, equal to length of ovary; stigma disciform. Fruits globose, 7-8 mm in diam., red at maturity; stipes 1.5-1.8 cm, gradually thickening toward hypocarpium; hypocarpium indistinctly enlarged, 3-4 mm in diam. Fl. Apr, fr. Sep-Oct.

Mountain slopes, valleys, riversides, forests; below 1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan [Japan, Korea].

Records of Lindera thunbergii (Siebold) Makino (Sassafras thunbergii Siebold) and L. umbellata Thunberg from China are referable to L. erythrocarpa.