《中国植物志》|| 菊科 COMPOSITAE ||猫儿菊属 Hypochaeris L. ||猫儿菊大黄菊 Hypochaeris ciliata (Thunb. ) Makino

2.猫儿菊大黄菊（吉林）小蒲公英（河南），黄金菊（河南）图版1: 13
Hypochaeris ciliata (Thunb.) Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 22: 37. 1908; Kitam. in Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 66, 1940; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19 (3-4): 294. 1966. ——H. grandiflora Ledeb., Fl. Alt. 4: 164. 1833; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 478, 1888; Chen in Bull, Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 5: 96. 1934; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19 (3-4) 294. 1966.——Achyrophorus aurantiacus DC., Prodr. 7: 93. 1838.——A. grandiflocus (Ledeb.) Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 2: 777. 1845-1846.——Arnica ciliata Thunb., Fl. Jap. 318. 1784. ——Achyrophorus ciliatus (Thunb.) Sch. -Bip. in Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leopold. Carol. Nat. Cur. 21 (1): 128. 1845; V. Vassil. in Fl. URSS 29: 202. 1964; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 672. 1975; 内蒙古植物志 6: 272-1982.
多年生草本。根垂直直伸，直径约8毫米。茎直立，有纵沟棱，高20-60厘米，不分枝， 全长或仅下半部被稠密或稀疏的硬刺毛或光滑无毛，基部被黑褐色枯燥叶柄。基生叶椭圆形或长椭圆形或倒披针形，基部渐狭成长或短翼柄，包括翼柄长9-21厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，顶端急尖或圆形，边缘有尖锯齿或微尖齿；下部茎生叶与基生形同形，等大或较小，但通常较宽，宽达5厘米；向上的茎叶椭圆形或长椭圆形或卵形或长卵形，但较小，全部茎生叶基部平截或圆形，无柄，半抱茎。全部叶两面粗糙，被稠密的硬刺毛。头状花序单生于茎端。总苞宽钟状或半球形，直径2.2-2.5厘米；总苞片3-4层，覆瓦状排列，外层卵形或长椭圆状卵形，长1厘米，宽5毫米，顶端钝或渐尖，边缘有缘毛，中内层披针形，长1.5-2. 2厘米，宽0.5-0.7厘米，边缘无缘毛，顶端急尖，全部总苞片或中外层总苞片外面沿中脉被白色卷毛。舌状小花多数，金黄色。瘦果圆柱状，浅褐色，长8毫米，直径1毫米，顶端截形，无喙，有约15-16条稍高起的细纵肋。冠毛浅褐色，羽毛状，1层。花果期6-9月。
分布北京、黑龙江（鹤岗、集贤）、吉林（长春、通榆、汪青）、辽宁（通化、本溪、沈阳、丹东、凌源、岫岩）、内蒙古（包头）、河北〔蔚县、涉县、武安）、山西（晋城、夏县、翼城、陵川、垣曲、安泽）及河南（伊阳、嵩县、卢氏、西峡）。生于山坡草地、林缘路旁或灌丛中，海拔850-1 200米。俄罗斯（西伯利亚、远东地区）、蒙古、朝鲜也有分布。在日本作观赏栽培。模式标本采自日本。

《Flora of China》|| Asteraceae || Hypochaeris ||猫儿菊 Hypochaeris ciliata

2. Hypochaeris ciliata (Thunberg) Makino, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 22: 37. 1908.

猫儿菊 mao er ju

Arnica ciliata Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 768. 1784; Achyrophorus aurantiacus Candolle; A. ciliatus (Thunberg) Schultz Bipontinus; A. grandiflorus (Ledebour) Ledebour; Hypochaeris grandiflora Ledebour; Trommsdorffia ciliata (Thunberg) Soják.

Herbs 20-60 cm tall, perennial, with a taproot. Stem erect, simple, glabrous or entirely or only basal half covered with rigid bristles, leafy, base with dark brown residue of old leaf bases. Basal leaves rosulate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or oblanceolate, 9-20 × 2-2.5 cm, scabrid, attenuate into winged petiole-like basal portion of 2-5 cm, margin ± sharply dentate, apex acute to rounded. Lower stem leaves similar to basal leaves; middle and upper stem leaves sessile, elliptic to ovate, smaller, ± sparsely arachnoid hairy, basally ± truncate and ± auriculately clasping, margin finely dentate, otherwise similar to lower leaves. Capitulum solitary, terminal on stem, with many florets. Involucre broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 1.5-2.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm. Phyllaries with ciliate margin and sparsely arachnoid hairy; outer phyllaries ovate to broadly lanceolate, conspicuously imbricate; inner phyllaries lanceolate. Florets golden yellow. Achene pale brown, cylindric, ca. 8 mm, with 15 ribs, apex slightly attenuate and truncate. Pappus ca. 1.5 cm, all bristles plumose. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 10.

Grasslands on mountain slopes, forest margins, trailsides, thickets; 800-1200 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi [Korea, Mongolia, E Russia].