《中国植物志》|| 桔梗科 CAMPANULACEAE ||山梗菜亚属 Subgen. Tupa (G. Don) E. Wimm. ||塔花山梗菜 Lobelia pyramidalis Wall.
12. 塔花山梗菜 图版24: 9-11
Lobelia pyramidalis Wall., Act. Soc. Asiat. 13: 376. 1820; idem in Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2: 113. 1824 et Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 42. 1831; A. DC. in DC., Prodr. 7: 381. var. β. 1839; C. B. Cl. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 426. 1881, p. p. ; Skottsb., Act. Hort. Bot. Gothob. 4: 17. 21, f. 12e. 1928; Danguy, in Lecte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chin. 3: 676. f. 76, 1-4. 1930. ----Dortmannia pyramidalis O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 380. 1891. ——belia wallichiana, Hook. f. et Thoms., Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 2: 29. 1858.——puntium pyramidale et wallichianum, Presl, Prodr. Monogr. Lobeliac. 23, 24. 1836.——belia sequinii Lev1. et Van. var. arakana E. Wimm., Ann. Nat. Mus. Wien 56: 367. 1948; idem Pfl. R. Heft 107: 651. 1953; 吴征镒和李锡文, 云南热带亚热带植物区系研究报告, 第一集: 92. 1965. syn. nov.
灌木状草本，高1-2.5米。茎无毛或仅花序轴上有刺毛，上部极多分枝。叶近革质，基生者匙形，茎下部的矩圆形，长可达25厘米，中部以上的长披针形，长13-25厘米，宽2.5-4厘米，先端长渐尖，基部阔楔形，边缘具微小而密集的齿，两面无毛，有短柄或无柄。总状花序生茎和分枝顶端，形成圆锥花序，花序轴无毛或有小刺毛，花极密集，朝向花梗一侧。花梗长1-2.4厘米，无毛或有小刺毛，弓曲；苞片条形，全缘，常短于花；小苞片1或2枚，位置不定；花萼筒短矩圆状，长稍大于宽，长5-7毫米，宽4-6毫米，无毛或生微柔毛，裂片披针状条形，长 (12) 14-25 (30) 毫米，宽1-3毫米，全缘；花冠白色、粉红色或带蓝色，长2.5-3厘米，外面无毛，花冠筒内密生柔毛，近二唇形，上唇裂片条形，约占花冠长的2/3，下唇裂片卵状披针形，相当于花冠长的1/3；雄蕊在基部以上连合成筒，花丝筒无毛，花药管长约5毫米，在连合线上密生长柔毛，下方2枚花药顶端生笔毛状髯毛。蒴果近球状，直径6-8毫米，无毛，因果梗向后弓曲而常倒垂。种子多数，矩圆状，明显压扁，常具色淡的边缘，但无明显蜂窝状纹饰。花果期1-5月。
产云南、贵州西南部、广西西部和西藏（拉萨？）。尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、印度、中南半岛也有。一般生于海拔1900米以下的山坡草地、灌丛或路旁。模式标本采自尼泊尔。
本种近西南山梗菜 L. sequinii 和微齿山梗菜 L. doniana; 但花冠白色或粉红色，1-5月开花结果，花萼筒短矩圆状，蒴果近球状，易于区别。
数据来源 中国植物物种信息数据库
《Flora of China》|| Campanulaceae || Lobelia ||塔花山梗菜 Lobelia pyramidalis
10. Lobelia pyramidalis Wallich, Asiat. Res. 13: 376. 1820.
塔花山梗菜 ta hua shan geng cai
Lobelia pyramidalis var. wallichiana (C. Presl) Steudel; L. wallichiana (C. Presl) J. D. Hooker & Thomson; Rapuntium wallichianum C. Presl.
Herbs, shrubby, 0.4-3 m tall. Stems glabrous. Leaves alternate, subleathery, sessile or shortly petiolate; basal leaves spatulate; lower ones oblong, up to 25 cm; middle and upper ones narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 12-31 × 1-4 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base attenuate, margin serrulate, apex acuminate. Racemes terminal, paniculate; flowers dense, oriented toward one side. Pedicels 0.6-2.4 cm, arched, bibracteolate or sometimes ebracteolate; bracts linear, often shorter than flowers, entire. Hypanthium campanulate or broadly ellipsoid (rarely obconic), length slightly greater than width, 2-4 × 2-4 mm, glabrous; calyx lobes subulate or linear-triangular, 8-16 × 1-1.8 mm, margin entire. Corolla white, rose, or bluish, 1.1-2.1 cm, outside glabrous, inside tube densely villous, nearly 2-lipped; lobes of upper lip linear, ca. 2/3 as long as total length of corolla; those of lower lip elliptic or lanceolate, ca. 1/3 as long as total length of corolla. Stamens connate into tube above base; filament tube glabrous; anther tube ca. 5 mm, densely villous along sutures, lower 2 anthers barbate at top. Capsule subglobose, oblate, or broadly ovoid, 3.5-6.5 mm in diam., glabrous, often pendulous. Seeds elliptic, obviously compressed, margin pale in color. Fl. Jan-May.
Grassy slopes, scrub, roadsides; 1200-2500 m. W Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Xizang (?Lhasa), Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Nepal, N Thailand].
数据来源 eFloras.org
《Flora of China》|| Campanulaceae || Lobelia ||塔花山梗菜 Lobelia pyramidalis
10. Lobelia pyramidalis Wallich, Asiat. Res. 13: 376. 1820.
塔花山梗菜 ta hua shan geng cai
Lobelia pyramidalis var. wallichiana (C. Presl) Steudel; L. wallichiana (C. Presl) J. D. Hooker & Thomson; Rapuntium wallichianum C. Presl.
Herbs, shrubby, 0.4-3 m tall. Stems glabrous. Leaves alternate, subleathery, sessile or shortly petiolate; basal leaves spatulate; lower ones oblong, up to 25 cm; middle and upper ones narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 12-31 × 1-4 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base attenuate, margin serrulate, apex acuminate. Racemes terminal, paniculate; flowers dense, oriented toward one side. Pedicels 0.6-2.4 cm, arched, bibracteolate or sometimes ebracteolate; bracts linear, often shorter than flowers, entire. Hypanthium campanulate or broadly ellipsoid (rarely obconic), length slightly greater than width, 2-4 × 2-4 mm, glabrous; calyx lobes subulate or linear-triangular, 8-16 × 1-1.8 mm, margin entire. Corolla white, rose, or bluish, 1.1-2.1 cm, outside glabrous, inside tube densely villous, nearly 2-lipped; lobes of upper lip linear, ca. 2/3 as long as total length of corolla; those of lower lip elliptic or lanceolate, ca. 1/3 as long as total length of corolla. Stamens connate into tube above base; filament tube glabrous; anther tube ca. 5 mm, densely villous along sutures, lower 2 anthers barbate at top. Capsule subglobose, oblate, or broadly ovoid, 3.5-6.5 mm in diam., glabrous, often pendulous. Seeds elliptic, obviously compressed, margin pale in color. Fl. Jan-May.
Grassy slopes, scrub, roadsides; 1200-2500 m. W Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Xizang (?Lhasa), Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Nepal, N Thailand].
数据来源 eFloras.org
