《中国植物志》|| 木通科 LARDIZABALACEAE ||八月瓜属 Holboellia Wall. ||鹰爪枫 Holboellia coriacea Diels

1．鹰爪枫（中国树木分类学）三月藤（广西），牵藤（四川），破骨风（湖北），八月栌（经济植物手册）
Holboellia coriacea Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 342. 1900; Reaub. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 453. 1906; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils 1: 345. 1913; Beckett in Gard. Chron. III. 77: 389. t. 75. 1925; Chien in Contr. Lab. Biol. Sci. Soc. China 9: 272. 1931; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 10: 189. 1936; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 268. 1937; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 305. 1974; 湖北植物志 1: 377. 1976; 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 755. 1980; 贵州植物志 2: 143. 1986; 安徽植物志2: 356. 1986; 四川植物志 8: 113. 1989; 浙江植物志 2: 302. 1992; H. N. Qin in Cathaya 8-9: 103. 1997. ——Stauntonia brevipes Hemsl. in Hook. Icon. Pl. ser. 4, 9: t. 2849. 1907. ——Holboellia coriacea Diels var. brevipes (Hemsl.) Chun in sched.——H. brevipes (Hemsl.) P. C. Kuo in Fl. Tsinling. 1: 304. 1974.——Artabotrys esquirolii Levl. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou. 29. 1914. ——H. coriacea Diels var. angustifalia Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 17: 273. 1910.
常绿木质藤本。茎皮褐色。掌状复叶有小叶3片；叶柄长3.5-10厘米；小叶厚革质，椭圆形或卵状椭圆形，较少为披针形或长圆形，顶小叶有时倒卵形，长（2）6-10 （15）厘米，宽（1）4-5（8）厘米，先端渐尖或微凹而有小尖头，基部圆或楔形，边缘略背卷，上面深绿色，有光泽，下面粉绿色；中脉在上面凹入，下面凸起，基部三出脉，侧脉每边4条，与网脉在嫩叶时两面凸起，叶成长时脉在上面稍下陷或两面不明显；小叶柄长5-30毫米。花雌雄同株，白绿色或紫色，组成短的伞房式总状花序；总花梗短或近于无梗，数至多个簇生于叶腋。雄花：花梗长约2厘米；萼片长圆形，长约1厘米，宽约4毫米；顶端钝，内轮的较狭；花瓣极小，近圆形，直径不及1毫米；雄蕊长6-7.5毫米，药隔突出于药室之上成极短的凸头，退化心皮锥尖，长约1.5毫米。雌花：花梗稍粗，长3.5-5厘米；萼片紫色，与雄花的近似但稍大，外轮的长约12毫米，宽7-8毫米；退化雄蕊极小，无花丝；心皮卵状棒形，长约9毫米。果长圆状柱形，长5-6厘米；直径约3厘米，熟时紫色，干后黑色，外面密布小疣点；种子椭圆形，略扁平，长约8毫米，宽5-6毫米，种皮黑色，有光泽。花期4-5月，果期6-8月。
产于四川、陕西、湖北、贵州、湖南、江西、安徽、江苏和浙江。生于海拔500-2000米的山地杂木林或路旁灌丛中。
果可食，亦可酿酒；根和茎皮药用，治关节炎及风湿痹痛。

《Flora of China》|| Lardizabalaceae || Holboellia ||鹰爪枫 Holboellia coriacea

1. Holboellia coriacea Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 342. 1900.

鹰爪枫 ying zhao feng

Artabotrys esquirolii H. Léveillé; Holboellia brevipes (Hemsley) P. C. Kuo; H. coriacea var. angustifolia Pampanini; Stauntonia brevipes Hemsley.

Evergreen. Stems brown. Leaf blade pinnately 3-foliolate; petiolules 0.5--3 cm; leaflets elliptic to ovate-elliptic, rarely lanceolate to oblong, terminal one sometimes obovate, (2--)6--10 × (1--)4--5(--8) cm, thick leathery, abaxially farinaceous green, adaxially dark green and shiny, base rounded to cuneate, margin slightly narrowly revolute, apex acuminate to emarginate and cuspidate; primary veins 3 from base; secondary veins 4 pairs; tertiary veinlets prominent on both surfaces when young, adaxially slightly impressed or inconspicuous when old. Racemes fascicled, short corymbiform; bracts persistent, scaly; peduncle short. Male flowers: pedicel ca. 2 cm. Sepals white, purple striate; outer 3 sepals oblong, ca. 10 × 4 mm; inner 3 sepals narrower, apex obtuse. Petals suborbicular, less than 1 mm in diam. Stamens 6--7.5 mm; connective apical appendage very short, apiculate. Pistillodes subulate, ca. 1.5 mm. Female flowers: pedicel 3.5--5 cm, slightly thick. Sepals reddish purple; outer 3 sepals ovate, 12--14 × 9--10 mm; inner 3 sepals elliptic to lanceolate. Petals 6, minute. Staminodes 6, smaller than petals, sessile. Carpels ovoid-clavate, ca. 9 mm. Fruit purple at maturity, blackish when dry, oblong-terete, 5--6 × ca. 3 cm, densely verruculose. Seeds ellipsoid, slightly compressed, ca. 8 × 5--6 mm; seed coat black, shiny. Fl. Apr--May, fr. Jun--Aug.

* Mixed forests, mountain slopes, among shrubs, trailsides; 500--2000 m. Anhui, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.

The fruits are edible, and the roots and stems are used medicinally.