《中国植物志》|| 鳞毛蕨科 DRYOPTERIDACEAE ||贯众属 Cyrtomium Presl ||贯众 Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm.

26．贯众（植物分类学报）图版59：1-2
Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm. Ferns Brit. & Fore, 286. 1866 et Hist. Fil. 205. 1875;C. Chr. in Amer. Fern Journ. 20 (2): 49. 1930; Tagawa in Acta phytotax. Geobot. 3 (2): 61. f. 2 (5-6) 1934; Ching, Ic. Fil. Sin. 3: Pl. 126. 1935 et in Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 2 (2): 102. 1936; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 8: Pl. 367. 1940; Tard. -Blot et C. Chr. inFl. Indo-Chine 7(2) :378. 1941; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Ill. t. 318. 1944;傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说•蕨类植物门194. 图261. 1957; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 84. 197. pl. 28. f. 163. 1959; Kurata in Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 8: 33. 45. 1963; Shing in Acta Pytotax. Sinica Addit. I: 24. 1965; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 227. f. 454. 1972; Fl. Tsinling 2: 150. 1974; Nakaike, N. Fl. Jap. Pterid. 354. 1982; Fl. Fukien 1: 183. f. 171. 1982; Kurata et Nakaike, Ill. Pterid. Jap: 5: 576. 1987; Tagawa et Iwatsuki. Fl. Thail. 3 (3): 332. 1988; 李建秀, 山东植物志, 上: 129.图69. 1990; Shing in J. F. Cheng et G.F. Zhu, Fl. Jiangxi 1: 239. f. 302. 1993; X. Cheng in W. T. Wang, Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 146. 1993; C. F. Zhang, Fl. Zhejiang 1: 212. f. 1-223. 1993.——Aspidium falcatum var. fortunei (J. Sm.) Baker ex Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 10: 212.1896. ——Polystichum falcatum var. fortunei Matsurn. Ind. Pl. Jap. 1: 342. 1904; 伊藤武夫, 台湾植物图说, 续卷68. 1928. ——P. fortunei (J. Sm.) Nakai in Bot.Mag. Tokyo 39: 116. 1925.
植株高25-50厘米。根茎直立，密被棕色鳞片。叶簇生，叶柄长12-26厘米，基部直径2-3毫米，禾秆色，腹面有浅纵沟，密生卵形及披针形棕色有时中间为深棕色鳞片，鳞片边缘有齿，有时向上部秃净；叶片矩圆披针形，长20-42厘米，宽8-14厘米，先端钝，基部不变狭或略变狭，奇数一回羽状；侧生羽片7-16对，互生，近平伸，柄极短，披针形，多少上弯成镰状，中部的长5-8厘米，宽1.2-2厘米，先端渐尖少数成尾状，基部偏斜、上侧近截形有时略有钝的耳状凸、下侧楔形，边缘全缘有时有前倾的小齿；具羽状脉，小脉联结成2-3行网眼，腹面不明显，背面微凸起；顶生羽片狭卵形，下部有时有1或2个浅裂片，长3-6厘米，宽1.5-3厘米。叶为纸质，两面光滑；叶轴腹面有浅纵沟，疏生披针形及线形棕色鳞片。孢子囊群遍布羽片背面；囊群盖圆形，盾状，全缘。
产河北（南五台）、山西南部（晋城）、陕西、甘肃南部、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南。生空旷地石灰岩缝或林下，海拔2400米以下。也分布于日本、朝鲜南部、越南北部、泰国。
K. Iwatsuki (1988)曾报道本种在尼泊尔有分布，作者未见其标本同时也没有详细的记载，但这是可能的。

《云南植物志》|| 鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae ||贯众属 Cyrtomium Presl ||贯众 Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm.

5. 贯众（中国植物志）
Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm. (1866); C. Chr. (1930); Tagawa (1934); 中国蕨类植物图谱 (1935)*; Tard.-Blot et C. Chr. in Lecomte (1941); 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门 (1957); Shing (1965); 图鉴 (1972)*; 秦岭植物志 (1974); 横断山区维管植物 (1993); 中国植物志 (2001)*; 贵州植物志 (2001)*.
Polystichum fortunei (J. Sm.) Nakai (1925); Phanerophlebia fortunei (J. Sm.) Copel. (1947); Aspidium falcatum var. fortunei (J. Sm.) Baker ex Makino (1896); Polystichum falcatum var. fortunei (J. Sm.) Matsum (1904).
植株高30-40厘米。根状茎直立，顶端及残留叶柄基部密被黑色、阔卵形鳞片。叶簇生，一型。叶柄长5-15厘米，禾秆色，基部密被鳞片，向上鳞片较稀疏，且色亦较淡。叶片卵形或卵状披针形，一回羽状，长20-40厘米，宽8-12厘米，叶片顶端的羽片菱形，与侧生羽片不同形。侧生羽片10-15对，镰刀形，长3-5厘米，宽1-2厘米，后侧弯弓形，前侧基部向上突起，基部有短柄，顶端渐尖，弯向叶尖，边缘有缺刻或全缘。叶轴禾秆色，疏被狭披针形、淡棕色鳞片。羽片的主脉明显，侧脉不明显。叶质地厚纸质，两面无毛，但背面疏淡被棕色、毛状小鳞片。孢子囊群星状分布于羽片背面；囊群盖小，圆形，以中央一点盾状着生，边缘有小齿。
产大关、昭通、罗平、师宗、维西、昆明、广南、西畴、麻栗坡、马关、文山、砚山、个旧、孟连、永德等；生于海拔1500- 2200米的常绿阔叶林林下。分布于四川、贵州、广西、广东、湖南、湖北、河南、河北、山东、甘肃、陕西、山西、江西、浙江、江苏、安徽、福建、台湾。越南北部、泰国、日本和朝鲜亦有。

《Flora of North America》|| Dryopteridaceae || Cyrtomium || Cyrtomium fortunei

2. Cyrtomium fortunei J. Smith, Ferns Brit. For. 286. 1866.

Varieties 3 (1 in the flora): North America, Asia.

《Flora of China》|| Dryopteridaceae || Cyrtomium ||贯众 Cyrtomium fortunei

21. Cyrtomium fortunei J. Smith, Ferns Brit. For. 286. 1866.

贯众 guan zhong

Aspidium falcatum (Linnaeus f.) Swartz var. fortunei (J. Smith) Makino; Cyrtomium falcatum (Linnaeus f.) C. Presl var. polypterum (Diels) C. Christensen; C. fortunei f. latipinna Ching; C. fortunei f. polypterum (Diels) Ching; C. recurvum Ching & K. H. Shing ex K. H. Shing; C. shandongense J. X. Li; Phanerophlebia fortunei (J. Smith) Copeland; Polystichum falcatum (Linnaeus f.) Diels var. fortunei (J. Smith) Matsumura; P. falcatum f. polypterum Diels; P. fortunei (J. Smith) Nakai.

Plants 25-50 cm tall. Rhizome erect, densely covered with brown scales. Stipe stramineous, 12-26 cm, 2-3 mm in diam. at base, lower portion densely scaly; scales brown, sometimes with a dark brown central stripe, ovate or lanceolate, dentate. Lamina oblong-lanceolate, 20-42 × 8-14 cm, base not contracted or slightly contracted, 1-imparipinnate, apex obtuse; rachis with sparse lanceolate or linear brown scales. Lateral pinnae 7-16(-29) pairs, alternate, nearly spreading, shortly stalked, lanceolate, ± falcate; middle pinnae 5-8 × 1.2-2 cm, base oblique, acroscopic margins subtruncate and sometimes with weak, blunt auricles, basiscopic margins cuneate, margins entire or sometimes serrulate, apex acuminate or rarely caudate; terminal pinna ovate-lanceolate, sometimes lower portion with 1 or 2 lobes, 3-6 × 1.5-3 cm; papery, glabrous on both surfaces; venation pinnate, slightly raised abaxially, indistinct adaxially, veinlets anastomosing to form 4 or 5 rows of areoles on each side of midrib, each areole with 1 or 2 included free veinlets. Sori throughout abaxial surface of pinnae; indusia grayish, margins entire.

Limestone crevices in open areas or forests; 100-2400 m. Anhui, Chongqing (Fengjie, Nanchuan), Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei (Nanwutai Shan), Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi (Jincheng, Xiushui), Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [NE India (Manipur), Japan, S Korea, Nepal, Thailand, N Vietnam; introduced and locally naturalized in Europe and North America].

Cyrtomium fortunei is an apomictic species.

Sometimes three varieties, Cyrtomium fortunei var. fortunei, C. fortunei var. clivicola (Makino) Tagawa (C. clivicola (Makino) Tagawa), and C. fortunei var. intermedium Tagawa are recognized (e.g., Nakaike, New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 354-456. 1992), but it is obvious that var. intermedium should be recognized as a species, i.e., C. yamamotoi.

Nakaike (loc. cit.: 840) elevated Cyrtomium fortunei f. laetevirens Hiyama (1953) to C. laetevirens (Hiyama) Nakaike. Some additional authors recognize this taxon as a species. Iwashina et al. (Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 34: 14-24. 2006) isolated C-methylflavanones from this taxon with four flavonol glycosides and some C-glycosylflavones, which were not found in C. fortunei. This phytochemical evidence supports the recognition of this taxon. More studies are needed to clarify this taxon’s status.

Two recently described species, Cyrtomium confertiserratum J. X. Li, H. S. Kung & X. J. Li (Pl. Diversity Resources 34(1): 17. 2012) and C. reflexosquamatum J. X. Li & F. Q. Zhou (Pl. Diversity Resources 34(1): 19. 2012), might be conspecific with C. fortunei, but more studies are needed.